Publications
Publication Highlights
Have a look at our latest discoveries.
Publication database
2026
Discovery, engineering, and applications of amino acid and peptide prenyltransferases
Hubrich F (2026)
Nat. Prod. Rep.DOI: 10.1039/D5NP00075K
Phylogeny-Aware Metabologenomics Accurately Assigns Natural Products to Biosynthetic Gene Clusters
Boldt J, Porten C, Haeckl F, Hug J, Panter F, Steglich M, Wink J, Overmann J, Göker M, Krug D, Müller R, Nübel U (2026)
Microbial Biotechnology 19 (1)DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.70298
Deep-Sea Genome Mining Reveals Cooperative ATP-Grasp Ligase-Directed Biosynthesis of Pentacyclic Myxomiditides with Potent Protease Inhibition
Li Y, Wang J, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Müller R, Huo L (2026)
JACS Au 6 (1): 607-620DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.5c01626
Unveiling the Chemical Space of Astin-Type Peptides in Aster Tataricus, Cyanodermella Asteris, and Talaromyces Islandicus
Uka V, Tang S, Ohlrogge J, Sester A, Einsiedler M, Ludwig-Müller J, Gulder T (2026)
Chem. Eur. J.DOI: 10.1002/chem.202503340
Design and Optimization of Simplified Inhibitors Targeting E. coli and K. pneumoniae IspE
Walsh D, Hamid R, Giele T, Rottmann M, Hirsch A, Hamed M, Reiling N (2026)
RSC Med. Chem.DOI: 10.1039/D5MD00874C
2025
Discovery and Total Synthesis of Crossiguanipyrazines with Potent Activity Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Zhao H, Bickel E, Liu J, Yang X, Dal Molin M, Chhen J, Liu S, Sui H, Bian X, Wei X, …, Kazmaier U, Fu C (2025)
Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) 64 (52)DOI: 10.1002/anie.202513977
Impulse für die Antiinfektiva‐Forschung: ICA2025 in Saarbrücken
Kiefer A, Bader C, Beemelmanns C (2025)
Nachr Chem 73 (9): 89-89DOI: 10.1002/nadc.20254152454
Antiinfektiva-Forschung: Rückkehr in ein goldenes Zeitalter?
Bader C, Beemelmanns C, Kiefer A (2025)
Biospektrum 31 (5): 483-483DOI: 10.1007/s12268-025-2540-7
Saarvienin A - A Novel Glycopeptide with Potent Activity against Drug-resistant Bacteria
Kaur A, Guerrero-Garzón J, Rasheed S, Zehl M, Fries F, Morgenstern B, Zotchev S, Müller R (2025)
Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)DOI: 10.1002/anie.202425588
Natural products chlorotonils exert a complex antibacterial mechanism and address multiple targets
Deschner F, Mostert D, Daniel J, Voltz A, Schneider D, Khangholi N, Bartel J, Pessanha de Carvalho L, Brauer M, Gorelik T, …, Müller R, Herrmann J (2025)
Cell Chem. Biol.DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2025.03.005
Dipeptidic Phosphonates: Potent Inhibitors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Elastase B Showing Efficacy in a Murine Keratitis Model
Kiefer A, Schütz C, Englisch C, Kolling D, Speicher S, Kany A, Shafiei R, Wadood N, Aljohmani A, Wirschem N, …, Haupenthal J, Hirsch A (2025)
Adv. Sci.DOI: 10.1002/advs.202411807
Targeting IspD for Anti-infective and Herbicide Development: Exploring Its Role, Mechanism, and Structural Insights
Willocx D, Diamanti E, Hirsch A (2025)
Journal of medicinal chemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01146
1,2,4-Triazole-Based First-in-Class Non-Nucleoside Inhibitors of the Bacterial Enzyme MraY
Berida T, Huang T, Weck S, Lutz M, McKee S, Kagerah N, Manning D, Jahan M, Mishra S, Herrmann J, …, Ducho C, Roy S (2025)
ACS bio & med chem Au 5 (6): 966-981DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.5c00158
Toward Anti-Herpesviral PROTACs: Assessing the Challenges for Targeted Protein Degradation on the Example of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Latency-Associated Nuclear Antigen
Berwanger A, Stein S, Brandner S, Kany A, Heinz S, Loretz B, Lehr C, Hirsch A, Lermyte F, Schulz T, Empting* M (2025)
ChemMedChemDOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202500758
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Mono- and Diamino-Substituted Squaramide Derivatives as Potent Inhibitors of Mycobacterial Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Synthase
Palme P, Grover S, Abdelaziz R, Mann L, Kany A, Ouologuem L, Bartel K, Sonnenkalb L, Reiling N, Hirsch A, …, Imming P, Richter A (2025)
J. Med. Chem. 68 (23): 25274-25289DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5c02284
Fragment Based Drug Discovery by Microscale Thermophoresis Targeting Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli IspE
Walsh D, Willocx D, Hamid R, Hamed M, Hirsch A (2025)
Drug design, development and therapy 19: 11345-11353DOI: 10.2147/DDDT.S538771
Microbial Cross-Talk: Unlocking the Cytochalasin Diversity from a Termite-Associated Xylaria
Dayras M, Liu Y, Kochems R, Kruijff M, Balluff S, Rasheed S, Kany A, Herrmann J, Götze S, Morgenstern B, …, Müller R, Beemelmanns C (2025)
JACS AuDOI: 10.1021/jacsau.5c01093
The One-Step Synthesis of Biologically Active Isochromans from Lignin-Derived Aromatic Monomers in Tunable Deep Eutectic Solvents
Kottayi A, Afanasenko A, Castillo-Garcia A, Elgaher W, Haupenthal J, Hirsch A, Barta K (2025)
Chem. Eur. J.DOI: 10.1002/chem.202502769
Comparative metagenomic analysis on COPD and health control samples reveals taxonomic and functional motifs
Chen G, Wiegand C, Willett A, Herr C, Müller R, Bals R, Kalinina O (2025)
Frontiers in microbiology 16DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1636322
Engineering an Artificial Myxopyronin Derivative with Enhanced Metabolic Stability via Mutasynthesis
Kiefer A, Voltz A, Scherzer D, Reberšek R, Kany A, Prosser G, Neuber M, Reiling N, Hirsch A, Müller R (2025)
JACS AuDOI: 10.1021/jacsau.5c00950
Gb-piscidin: A novel antimicrobial and immunostimulant peptide from gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) - Identification, tissue-specific expression, recombinant production, and biological evaluation
Berenjkar N, Kalbassi M, Hosseinkhani S, Beemelmanns C, Moghaddam J (2025)
Fish & shellfish immunology 169DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2025.111049
Tundrisphaera macrotermitis sp. nov., a novel member of the family Isosphaeraceae isolated from the gut of a fungus-growing termite
Kallscheuer N, Carlstedt K, Hammer J, Haufschild T, Benndorf R, Beer Z, Poulsen M, Beemelmanns C, Jogler C (2025)
Sci. Rep. 15 (1)DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-20237-w
Genome-Mining Based Discovery of Pyrrolomycin K and L from the Termite-Associated Micromonospora sp. RB23
Lin M, Kruijff M, Poulsen M, Beemelmanns C (2025)
Journal of natural productsDOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5c01051
Biosynthesis of the Biphenomycin Family of Potent Antibiotics
Strunk E, Lobert A, Khorovich T, Guzman Lucio K, Richarz R, Hohmann M, D'Agostino P, Gulder T (2025)
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.DOI: 10.1002/anie.202516156
Lignin-derived guaiacols as platform chemicals for the modular synthesis of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines and benzomorpholines
Castillo-Garcia A, Haupenthal J, Hirsch A, Barta K (2025)
RSC sustainability 3 (9): 4039-4048DOI: 10.1039/d5su00151j
Modular synthetic routes to biologically active indoles from lignin
Castillo-Garcia A, Haupenthal J, Hirsch A, Barta K (2025)
Green Chem. 27 (25): 7506-7512DOI: 10.1039/d5gc01003a
Direct monitoring of intracellular polymer degradation via BODIPY dynamic dequenching
Bassil J, Kamal M, Gabelmann A, Christoulaki A, Koch M, Hamed M, Loretz B, Gallei M, Buhler E, Lehr C, Hirsch A, Lee S (2025)
Mater. Des. 256DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114240
Tobramycin crosslinking improves the colloidal stability of arginine chitosan biodynamers for safe and efficient siRNA delivery
Liu Y, Biesel A, Kamal M, Latta L, Loretz B, Hirsch A, Lee S, Lehr C (2025)
Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 311 (Pt 1)DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.143420
1-Deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase: structural perspectives on an essential enzyme in isoprenoid biosynthesis
Gawriljuk V, Oerlemans R, Reddem E, Gierse R, Hirsch A, Groves M (2025)
J. Struct. Biol. 217 (3)DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2025.108236
Targeting isoprenoid-precursor biosynthesis in Klebsiella pneumoniae: Design, synthesis and evaluation of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase (DXPS) inhibitors
Eisa S, Lacour A, Johannsen S, Hamid R, Raj P, Heinz D, Hamed M, Diamanti E, Hirsch A (2025)
Bioorg. Chem. 164DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2025.108877
Role of Electrostatics in Metal–Organic Junctions on Surfaces: para -Hexaphenyl-dicarbonitrile on Au(111)
Pérez Paz A, Mowbray D, Gottardi S, Solianyk L, Li J, Monjas L, Hirsch A, Stöhr M, Moreno-López J (2025)
Chem. Mater. 37 (18): 7115-7124DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.5c01172
A Novel Antimalarial Agent that Inhibits Protein Synthesis in Plasmodium falciparum
Bravo P, Diamanti E, Hamed M, Bizzarri L, Wiedemar N, Passecker A, Brancucci N, Albisetti A, Gumpp C, Illarionov B, …, Rottmann M, Hirsch A (2025)
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. (64)DOI: 10.1002/anie.202514085
Newly identified properties of known pharmaceuticals and myxobacterial small molecules revealed by screening for autophagy modulators
Fichtner J, Beer Y, Ramm H, Mühlen S, Surup F, Herrmann J, Meister T, Pfaender S, Bilitewski U, Brönstrup M, …, Eskelinen E, Schmitz I (2025)
FEBS JDOI: 10.1111/febs.70243
Adaptations of Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Probiotic Bacteria in Engineered Living Materials
Tadimarri V, Tyagi T, Duong C, Rasheed S, Müller R, Sankaran S (2025)
ACS biomaterials science & engineering 11 (6): 3773-3784DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5c00325
Structures, biosynthetic pathways, and biological significance of bacterial aryl-heterocycle metallophores with emphasis on yersiniabactin-type derivatives
Kruijff M, Götze S, Beemelmanns C (2025)
Nat. Prod. Rep.DOI: 10.1039/D5NP00045A
Investigations into the biosynthesis of stieleriacines and related N-acyl tyrosines by comparative genomics, knock-out studies and total synthesis of epi-stieleriacine C
Sauer M, Staack M, Balluff S, Jogler C, Kallscheuer N, Beemelmanns C (2025)
Commun Chem 8 (1)DOI: 10.1038/s42004-025-01654-4
MITE: the Minimum Information about a Tailoring Enzyme database for capturing specialized metabolite biosynthesis
Rutz A, Probst D, Aguilar C, Akiyama D, Alberti F, Augustijn H, Avalon N, Beemelmanns C, Barbieri H, Biermann F, …, Medema M, Zdouc M (2025)
Nucleic Acids ResearchDOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaf969
Anti-adipogenic effects of N-acetyltyramine from termite-associated Streptomyces sp. M45
Jeong S, He M, Kim M, Nam K, Poulsen M, Beemelmanns C, Kang K, Kim K (2025)
Org. Biomol. Chem.DOI: 10.1039/D5OB01062D
Efficient and Selective Biosynthesis of a Precursor-Directed FK506 Analogue: Paving the Way for Click Chemistry
Goranovic D, Jenko B, Ramšak B, Podgoršek Berke A, Bedrac L, Horvat J, Šala M, Makuc D, Carriche G, Silva L, …, Fujs Š, Petkovic H (2025)
Journal of natural products 88 (3): 619-630DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00394
Milestones in the development of Myxococcus xanthus as a model multicellular bacterium
Kroos L, Wall D, Islam S, Whitworth D, Muñoz-Dorado J, Higgs P, Singer M, Mauriello E, Treuner-Lange A, Søgaard-Andersen L, …, Velicer G, Nan B (2025)
J. Bacteriol. 207 (7)DOI: 10.1128/jb.00071-25
A Chemo-Enzymatic Platform for Furanolide Synthesis and Functional Exploration
Ji X, Einsiedler M, D'Agostino P, Herrmann J, Müller R, Gulder T (2025)
J. Am. Chem. Soc.DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5c08354
CAMI Benchmarking Portal: online evaluation and ranking of metagenomic software
Meyer F, Robertson G, Deng Z, Koslicki D, Gurevich A, McHardy A (2025)
Nucleic Acids Research 53 (W1): 102-DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaf369
A Chemo-Enzymatic Platform for Furanolide Synthesis and Functional Exploration
Ji X, Einsiedler M, D'Agostino P, Herrmann J, Müller R, Gulder T (2025)
ChemRxivDOI: 10.26434/chemrxiv-2025-90mp4
Tandem ketone reduction in pepstatin biosynthesis reveals an F420H2-dependent statine pathway
Mo J, Sikandar A, Zhao H, Bashiri G, Huo L, Empting M, Müller R, Fu C (2025)
Nat Commun 16 (1)DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-59785-0
Total synthesis of a sorrentanone ester library and evaluation of its antimicrobial potential
Milzarek T, Gattwinkel F, Bogojevic S, Milivojevic D, Vojnovic S, Gulder T, Nikodinovic-Runic J (2025)
Sci. Rep. 15 (1)DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-05360-y
Regioselective C─H Functionalization by the Combination of Enzymatic and Chemocatalytic Reactions in Water
Zhu R, Mo X, Gulder T, Gulder T (2025)
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.DOI: 10.1002/anie.202504378
Second Generation Tiancimycin-Based Antibody–Drug Conjugates Enabled by Highly Efficient Semi-synthetic Approach Specifically Targeting B-Cell Malignancies
Kiefer A, Thirugnanasambantham P, Jin Y, Steele A, Hwang D, Jiang Y, Adhikari A, Yang D, Chang J, Tafesse R, …, Muthusamy N, Shen B (2025)
JACS AuDOI: 10.1021/jacsau.5c00353
Innovative zinc-binding inhibitors of Legionella pneumophila ProA reduce collagen and flagellin degradation, TLR5 evasion, and human lung tissue inflammation
Scheithauer L, Ornago C, Selmar J, Schütz C, Bianchi G, Kiefer A, Haupenthal J, Dellmann A, Huynh D, Zhang R, …, Hirsch A, Steinert M (2025)
European journal of medicinal chemistry 296DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2025.117832
Engineering an Artificial Myxopyronin Derivative with Enhanced Metabolic Stability via Mutasynthesis
Kiefer A, Voltz A, Scherzer D, Reberšek R, Kany A, Prosser G, Neuber M, Reiling N, Hirsch A, Müller R (2025)
Domain adaptable language modeling of chemical compounds identifies potent pathoblockers for Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Kallergis G, Asgari E, Empting M, Hirsch A, Klawonn F, McHardy A (2025)
Commun. Chem. 8 (1)DOI: 10.1038/s42004-025-01484-4
Tailored phenyl ureas eradicate drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis by targeting mycolic acid cell wall assembly
Mostert D, Braun J, Zimmerman M, Engelhart C, Berndl S, Quoika P, Kany A, Proietto J, Penalva-Lopez S, Wallach J, …, Dartois V, Sieber S (2025)
Chem. Sci.DOI: 10.1039/d5sc02565f
40 Years of Natural Product Reports
Gulder T, Lim K (2025)
Nat. Prod. Rep. 42 (4): 647-648DOI: 10.1039/D5NP90012C
Positive Charge in an Antimalarial Compound Unlocks Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial Activity
Braun-Cornejo M, Platteschorre M, Vries V, Bravo P, Sonawane V, Hamed M, Haupenthal J, Reiling N, Rottmann M, Piet D, …, Diamanti E, Hirsch A (2025)
JACS Au 5 (3): 1146-1156DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00935
Chemical Proteomics Reveals Human Off-Targets of Fluoroquinolone Induced Mitochondrial Toxicity
Reinhardt T, El Harraoui Y, Rothemann A, Jauch A, Müller-Deubert S, Köllen M, Risch T, Jacobs L, Müller R, Traube F, …, Bach N, Sieber S (2025)
Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)DOI: 10.1002/anie.202421424
Postulations for the Migration Behavior of Amino Acids as Cations in Capillary Zone Electrophoresis
Gross P, Huber T, Lunow I, Burkhard D, Seelert H, Müller R (2025)
ElectrophoresisDOI: 10.1002/elps.202400205
ClpP2 proteasomes and SpxA1 determine Listeria monocytogenes tartrolon B hyper-resistance
Engelgeh T, Wamp S, Rothe P, Herrmann J, Fischer M, Müller R, Halbedel S (2025)
PLOS Genetics 21 (4)DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011621
The fungal natural product class of the sorbicillinoids: structures, bioactivities, biosynthesis, and synthesis
Milzarek T, Gulder T (2025)
Nat. Prod. Rep. 42: 482-500DOI: 10.1039/D4NP00059E
Antibiotic–Polycationic Peptide Conjugation as an Effective Strategy to Overcome Daptomycin Resistance
Rasheed S, Umstätter F, Mühlberg E, Beijer B, Hertlein T, Klika K, Kleist C, Werner J, Domhan C, Bingel M, …, Mier W, Uhl P (2025)
Adv. Therap.DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202400473
Gromomycins: An Unprecedented Class of Triterpene Antibiotics Produced by a Novel Biosynthetic Pathway
Luzhetskyy A, Tistechok S, Bratiichuk D, Sucipto H, Gummerlich N, Stierhof M, Fries F, Müller R, Zapp J, Myronovskyi M, Gromyko O, Fedorenko V (2025)
Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)DOI: 10.1002/anie.202422270
MIBiG 4.0: Advancing biosynthetic gene cluster curation through global collaboration
Zdouc M, Blin K, Louwen N, Navarro J, Loureiro C, Bader C, Bailey C, Barra L, Booth T, Bozhüyük K, …, Weber T, Medema M (2025)
Nucleic Acids Research 53 (D1): 678-690DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae1115
Discovery of a novel, selective CK2 inhibitor class with an unusual basic scaffold
Khalifa H, ElHady A, Liu T, Elgaher W, Filhol-Cochet O, Cochet C, Abadi A, Hamed M, Abdel-Halim M, Engel M (2025)
European journal of medicinal chemistry 282DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.117048
Heterologous Expression and Optimization of Fermentation Conditions for Recombinant Ikarugamycin Production
Evers J, Glöckle A, Wiegand M, Schuler S, Einsiedler M, Gulder T (2025)
Biotechnol. Bioeng. 122 (4): 974-982DOI: 10.1002/bit.28919
Homophenylalanine-derived benzo1,4diazepine-2,5-diones are strong bacterial quorum sensing inhibitors
Einsiedler M, Bogojevic S, Milivojevic D, Vojnovic S, Milcic M, Maslak V, Matura A, Gulder T, Nikodinovic-Runic J (2025)
Org. Biomol. Chem. 23 (4): 835-843DOI: 10.1039/d4ob01734j
Heterologous Expression of a Cryptic BGC from Bilophila sp. Provides Access to a Novel Family of Antibacterial Thiazoles
Hohmann M, Iliasov D, Larralde M, Johannes W, Janßen K, Zeller G, Mascher T, Gulder T (2025)
ACS Synth. Biol. 14 (3): 967-978DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.5c00042
Expanding Polycyclic Tetramate Macrolactam (PoTeM) Core Structure Diversity by Chemo-Enzymatic Synthesis and Bioengineering
Schuler S, Einsiedler M, Evers J, Malay M, Uka V, Schneider S, Gulder T (2025)
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 64 (13)DOI: 10.1002/anie.202420335
A plug-and-play system for polycyclic tetramate macrolactam production and functionalization
Glöckle A, Schuler S, Einsiedler M, Gulder T (2025)
Microb. Cell Fact. 24 (1)DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02630-8
The Maculalactone Biosynthetic Gene Cluster, a Cryptic Furanolide Pathway Revealed in Nodularia sp. NIES-3585
D’Agostino P, Castro R, Uka V, Saurav K, Milzarek T, Sester A, Schneider M, Gulder T (2025)
bioRxivDOI: 10.1101/2025.02.26.640319
BGC Atlas: a web resource for exploring the global chemical diversity encoded in bacterial genomes
Bagci C, Nuhamunada M, Goyat H, Ladanyi C, Sehnal L, Blin K, Kautsar S, Tagirdzhanov A, Gurevich A, Mantri S, …, Weber T, Ziemert N (2025)
Nucleic Acids Res 53 (D1): 618-DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae953
From Dyrk1A inhibitors to a novel class of antiviral agents: Targeting Enterovirus EV-A71 with 2-aryl-substituted thiophene scaffolds
Keddis P, My Tu T, Scherer H, Kany A, Hafez D, Darwish S, Abadi A, Hirsch A, Engel M, Hamed M, Horng J, Abdel-Halim M (2025)
Eur. J. Med. Chem. 287DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2025.117348
Unlocking the Antiviral Arsenal: Structure-Guided Optimization of Small-Molecule Inhibitors against RSV and hCoV-229E
Karhan C, Sake S, Gunesch A, Grethe C, Hellwinkel B, Köhler N, Kiefer A, Hapko U, Kany A, Pietschmann T, Hirsch A (2025)
European journal of medicinal chemistryDOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2025.117282
PEARL: Protein Eluting Alginate with Recombinant Lactobacilli
Tadimarri V, Blanch-Asensio M, Deshpande K, Baumann J, Baumann C, Müller R, Trujillo S, Sankaran S (2025)
Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)DOI: 10.1002/smll.202408316
Uncovering the genetic basis of antiviral polyketide limocrocin biosynthesis through heterologous expression
Melnyk S, Stierhof M, Bratiichuk D, Fries F, Müller R, Rebets Y, Luzhetskyy A, Ostash B (2025)
Microb. Cell Fact. 24 (1)DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02621-9
Apo structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase DXPS: Dynamics and implications for inhibitor design
Gawriljuk V, Alhayek A, Hirsch A, Groves M (2025)
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 747DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.151246
The PLSDB 2025 update: enhanced annotations and improved functionality for comprehensive plasmid research
Molano L, Hirsch P, Hannig M, Müller R, Keller A (2025)
Nucleic Acids Res 53 (D1): 189-DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae1095